Edmonton Real Estate Blog

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A sold sign is displayed in front of a home in Toronto December 15, 2009. A red-hot housing market fueled by cheap money has helped Canada climb out of recession, but fears are growing that it could be a bubble much like the one that brought the United States to its knees.

OTTAWA – As Canada’s red-hot real estate market shows no signs of slowing down in 2010, analysts are beginning to caution some buyers that their best move may be to step to the sidelines.

“If you’re somebody in a situation that you have only five per cent down and you’re stretching to get in the market with a 35-year amortization, I think that would be a very precarious situation right now,” said BMO Capital market economist Robert Kavcic.

Conversely, he said, “if you’re sitting on a pile of cash and looking to move into the real estate market, it would almost be a no-brainer to just wait for lower prices.”

Notes of caution simmered to the surface this week after realtor Royal LePage forecast home prices would continue to “appreciate significantly” during the early months of the year. Already in 2009, they’re up 19 per cent, according to the Canadian Real Estate Association.

The trouble is that while prices are rising, incomes are not.

Yet rock-bottom borrowing costs continue to lure buyers, and investors are rushing in – despite a shortage of listings – for fear that if they don’t get into the market now, they’ll miss their chance.

“It’s absolutely not debatable that housing prices cannot rise faster than incomes over the long term,” said Will Strange, professor of real estate and urban economics at the Rotman School of Management.

Sooner or later, incomes have to rise, or home prices fall, for balance to be attained.

Many analysts argue that home prices are not yet out of line with the incomes it takes to pay for them, Strange said. Yet with the job market still weak, and unlikely to drive new employment and higher wages, odds are that if something’s got to give, it will be prices.

“If I didn’t personally have most of my wealth tied up in housing, this would not be the time that I would choose to jump in,” Strange cautioned.

At the same time, interest rates have nowhere to go but up, which could leave some buyers in a position similar to U.S. homeowners, who had houses worth less than their mortgages after the subprime bubble burst and prices crashed.

“We’re certainly urging people to error on the side of caution,” said Bruce Cran, president of the Consumers’ Association of Canada.

“If you’re paying an amount of money, whatever that might be, that you couldn’t sustain if interest rates rose by say 25 or 30 per cent – I can see that being a problem for a lot of people.”

Canada’s not headed for anything similar to the U.S. subprime mess because lending standards here are higher and because people can’t just walk away from their homes as they can in the U.S., other than in Alberta.

But there may yet be an economic impact if home prices turn down, as home values relate directly to the economy, fuelling spending as they rise and tightening personal budgets as they fall, Strange said.

For now, many observers are predicting, as does Royal LePage, that the market will find its balance later this year as rates rise and more listings come on the market.

In the meantime, there are still many good reasons to buy a house, Strange said, “but don’t buy it because you think the price is going to go up.”

Emotions are a big part of the homebuying process. People have to feel good about the house they are considering purchasing.

Both physically and financially, there has to be a comfort level or the cheque won’t be signed.

The location might be perfect and the price may fit, but the house might need some work– and the cost of, say, new kitchen cabinets, flooring and windows might just be enough to break the deal.

Laura Parsons, Calgary-area manager of national business development for the Bank of Montreal, has heard this scenario countless times from those on the front lines of the real estate industry.

“I talked with one realtor who showed clients something like a hundred homes and there was always something wrong,” she says.

“They couldn’t put a deal together.”

Banks want to help realtors sell homes to get the financing business, so Parsons had to find an answer to the you-scratch-my-back, I’ll-scratch-yours problem.

In the back of her mind, there was something she recalled that might solve the problem–some financing vehicle that would help both realtors and potential homebuyers.

After much mulling, it came to her.

More than five years ago, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. introduced a Purchase Plus Improvement Program (PPIP) that would allow homebuyers to finance the purchase of the home plus the cost of immediate renovations–all in the original mortgage.

Because there was no big flag-waving, horn-blowing announcement of the program, it’s been under-utilized to some extent.

Parsons decided it was time to brush the dust off the PPIP–which is available through both CMHC and Genworth Financial Canada –and put it to better use.

“We wrapped our arms around how to deal with this issue and came up with mortgage staging–our way of helping people fix up their homes without spending much extra money on a mortgage payment,” she says.

In a nutshell, here’s how the PPIP works,

A home is purchased for, say, $400,000. Based on a five-per-cent down payment and a 35-year mortgage plus things like the mortgage insurance, PIT (principal, interest and taxes). and property taxes, the monthly payment would be $1,524.

But $50,000 worth of renovations are needed to bring the home up to snuff at move-in. Add this amount to the original mortgage and the monthly cost goes up just $169–less expensive than taking out a separate loan.

When the decision has been made to make an offer on a home that needs upgrading, Parsons says the offer is conditional for a longer-than-normal period to arrange for a contractor to look at the place and give an estimate for the work.

If everything is satisfactory, the timing of the work is then between the buyer and contractor.

Bart Dutchak is one of the early success stories for the program.

The 32-year-old bought a unit in a 25-year-old condo building in April, knowing ing full well he was going to be spending money to fix it up on his own–things like laminate for new countertops, as well as new flooring, crown mouldings and baseboards.

“I worked for two solid months after work to get it done,” he says.

The bill was $10,000– which, when added to his original mortgage, didn’t make all that much a difference to the monthly outlay.

He shopped around, but he says he couldn’t find a lender who would let him add the renovations onto his original mortgage.

“Then the Bank of Montreal treal said, ‘Yes,’ and I was pretty excited to be able to combine everything,” says Dutchak, who is a senior draftsman and detailer at Canam Steel. “It just made it all so much simpler.”

Elena Salikhov, Calgary based based area manager for business development for CMHC, says the program was established to help people wanting to make improvements that would increase the value of the property.

The key to the program is that the cost of the renovations must be reflected in the expected future value of the home.

In the example of the $400,000 home with $50,000 worth of renovations, CMHC or Genworth must agree the home would have a value of at least $450,000 after renovations are done.

So, with CMHC and Genworth worth firmly on side, Parsons set out to find other partners who would help increase the profile of the mortgage program.

Because she is involved with the Canadian Home Builders’ Association-Calgary Region, Parsons explained the program pro-to its Renomark committee, which represents many of the city’s renovation contractors.

Unlike Dutchak, some people don’t want the challenges of doing the renovation themselves. They’d rather hire the work out.

Paul Klassen, president of Pinnacle Group Renovations by Design Ltd., was in the Renomark audience for Parsons’ address and says the timing was uncanny.

As part of the company’s five-year strategic plan, Klassen developed a 3-D application to show people how a renovation would look when complete.

The fact a program was available to help clients pay for it was an added bonus.

“I ran out to speak to her, explaining that this was a perfect marriage for us and would be another tool in our business arsenal,” he says.

Since that meeting, he has talked about PPIP with a couple of his clients.

“What we thought was a wall (to a renovation decision) has become a door,” says Klassen.

Parsons then went in search of a supply partner. Because of prior business dealings with Rona, she received the support of Mel Anderson, manager of the retail chain’s Crowfoot location.

“We thought it would tie in well with services we were already offering at the store,” says Anderson.

Rona has an installation department that includes designers and estimators. They also have programs and facilities to assist customers with all aspects of a renovation.

“We are an option to hiring a contractor,” says Anderson. “We can walk customers through the design and buying processes right here in the store, or we can go to their residence and give them an estimate.”

With program partners on side, Parsons says consumers are able to take advantage of another federal government program that might save them money and time.

“Its been around for a long time, but few have taken advantage of it because they don’t realize the little impact it will have on them financially,” she says.

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In Short

If you intend to buy a home that needs some immediate upgrades, the Purchase Plus Improvement Program may be the answer. A qualified mortgage consultant can guide you through the process:

– Step 1: Mortgage pre-approval– Arranging a pre-approved mortgage not only protects you if interest rates increase, it also gives you a

clear price range for your new home. At least a five-per-cent down payment is required for a PPIP mortgage.

– Step 2: Obtain cost estimates for upgrades– Once you have found a home, you need to get written quotes from licensed contractors on the planned renovations.

– Step 3: Mortgage application–For example, with five-per-cent down, your mortgage consultant would apply to a lender for whatever’s lowest: 95 per cent of the purchase price plus 95 per cent of the cost to finish the renovations, or 95 per cent of the “as improved” market value, determined by the institution which insures the mortgage after the renovations.

– Step 4: Finalize purchase–Your realtor and mortgage consultant will walk you through this part of the process. The funds for renovations will be sent to your lawyer in trust when the mortgage closes.

– Step 5: Complete upgrades–The lender will hold back funds for the renovations until the work has been completed and inspected, at which time the contractor can be paid.

———

The Buyer

Bart Dutchak.

AGE: 32.

BACKGROUND: A senior draftsman and detailer for Canam

Steel, Dutchak bought an apartment condo in a 25-year-old building that he knew needed some renovations, including flooring, baseboards, crown mouldings and countertops. Using an estimate of the renovations costing $10,000, Dutchak shopped around for a lender who would add this cost to his original mortgage through the Purchase Plus Improvements Program offered by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. and Genworth Financial Canada. He got in touch with a Bank of Montreal mortgage official and received approval. He did the renovations himself over the course of two months working in the evenings.

Interest rates are about to start rocketing higher. Savers, get ready

You now have roughly six to nine months to get a personal plan together for dealing with higher interest rates.

After that, the ride begins. Where it ends depends on how smartly the economy and inflation snap back, but we could be looking at a prime rate of more than double the current 2.25 per cent by the end of 2011. Let’s look at four ways you can prepare:

1. Home buyers, lock down your mortgages

If you absolutely must buy a house in the overheated market in some big cities, then consider insulating yourself against rising rates by taking a five-year fixed-rate mortgage. A quick scan of mortgage brokerage websites shows five-year terms priced in the range of 3.69 to 3.99 per cent, while the big banks are advertising specials as low as 4.19 per cent.

Forget the research that shows you’ll save on interest over the long term if you go with a variable-rate mortgage. If you’re stretching for family cash flow to buy a house, then cost certainty is more important than potential savings.

Anyway, today’s five-year rates are quite good by historical standards. Bank of Canada data show the average five-year rate over the past decade was 6.8 per cent, which compares with a typical posted rate today of 5.5 per cent at many banks (this rate is bogus – always ask about the kind of discounted rates mentioned just above).

Note that seven- and 10-year mortgages are available today for rates as low as 5.2 to 5.3 per cent. I’ll have to investigate further, but this sounds reasonable from a historical point of view.

2. Homeowners, face the music

If your mortgage comes up for renewal in the next few years, brace yourself for higher rates and, thus, potentially higher mortgage payments. Suggestion: ask your lender for your projected mortgage balance at maturity and then use an online mortgage calculator to figure out how much your payments would be at various interest rate levels. Try: canequity.com/mortgage-calculator.

One suggestion for accommodating higher mortgage payments is to reduce your overall monthly debt carrying costs by paying down your line of credit.

Emergency measure: lengthen the amortization period on your mortgage on renewal. This is costly in terms of extra interest, but it will take the pressure off in terms of your payments.

Longer amortization periods are only a remedy for people who went with the standard 25-year payback period when they arranged their mortgages. People who started with a 30- or 35-year amortization have already played that card.

3. Enough with the bond funds already

As of the end of November, bond funds had the highest year-to-date 2009 sales for all broad fund categories at $11.3-billion. Bond funds were an ideal refuge during the worst of the bear market, but now they’re vulnerable to rising rates.

Already, a rising rate outlook is hurting bonds. In December, the biggest bond mutual and exchange-traded funds in the country were down anywhere from 1 per cent to 1.6 per cent. If interest rates move up modestly and gradually, then gains in bond funds will be hard to come by. If rates spike higher, bond funds will be money losers.

Investors buying bond funds for safety might consider guaranteed investment certificates as an alternative, particularly those from smaller banks and credit unions (all should be members of deposit insurance plans). Returns at the high end are typically in the range of 1 to 2 per cent at best for a one-year term, but rising rates will help on this front.

Balanced funds are hot these days, too. Remember that the whole point of these funds is to mix bonds and stocks together. You could argue that this approach just adds to your risk right now.

4. Savers, get ready

The benefit of rising interest rates is better returns for savers and conservative investors who rely heavily on GICs and high-interest savings accounts. High-interest accounts today pay no better than 1 to 2 per cent and, frequently, even less. These accounts will automatically start paying more once rates start rising. Among the beneficiaries will be all the people who have used high-interest products for their tax-free savings accounts.

With GICs, you’ll want to have money maturing later this year and 2011 to capitalize on higher rates. As ever, the best strategy for the most people is to invest equal amounts in GICs with maturities of one through five years. This laddering approach means you have money available for reinvestment every year, which means you’re good for the next few years of rising rates.

Follow me on Facebook. I’m at Rob Carrick – Personal Finance.

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Higher, but by how much?

Here are some recent forecasts of how high interest rates will rise this year and in 2011. The rate used here is the Bank of Canada’s overnight rate. Banks are currently setting their prime lending rate two percentage points above the overnight rate, which is currently 0.25 per cent.

EDMONTON – More houses and condos will be built, more existing homes sold and it will be a little harder to find an apartment to rent next year.

And existing homes and rents are expected to cost more in 2010, a comprehensive new report on Edmonton’s housing market said Monday.

This strong rebound predicted for 2010 comes after housing starts in the Edmonton area hit bottom this year — the third straight year of decline, the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp. said Monday.

Builders are on pace to begin construction on 5,000 homes, 24 per cent fewer than the year before, said the national housing agency’s Fall 2009 Housing Market Outlook for the Edmonton census metropolitan area.

It is the lowest level of activity for the region’s homebuilders since 1997, said the report, and follows a 56-per-cent decline in total housing starts in 2008.

“While single-detached construction has staged a modest recovery since the summer, a continued downturn in the multi-family sector will hold down this year’s numbers,” the report said.

For 2010, the agency expects continued growth in single-family detached homes and a moderate rebound in multiples, boosting total starts by 29 per cent to 6,450 units. While that would be a considerable improvement over this year, it compares with an average of more than 10,600 units started every year from 1999 to 2008.

For 2009, a new single-detached home in Edmonton will be an average of $535,000, up 4.5 per cent over 2008.

Still, the CMHC predicts the average price will soften in 2010 by 2.8 per cent to$520,000 because of a “lagged effect” of when homes are priced and when they are completed.

On the other hand, the agency forecasts pressure for higher negotiated selling prices in 2010 from builders who had cut their margins over the past year to clear inventory. “With better economic times ahead, land and labour costs as well as material prices such as lumber and concrete are expected to increase.”

In the resale market, the CMHC predicts residential Multiple Listing Service sales will increase this year by eight per cent to 18,750 units. Last year was the slowest for Realtors since 2003, with saw sales falling 15 per cent to 17,369 homes.

“Provided the economy and interest rates perform as expected, CMHC looks for the upward trend to remain in place during 2010,” the agency said. Total MLS sales are forecast to rise another 9.3 per cent to 20,500 homes in 2010, which would approach the level in 2007, which was the second-best year on record.

The average residential MLS price will end 2009 close to $322,000, down 3.3 per cent from the 2008 average.

A balanced market in 2010 is expected to translate into modest price gains all year, with the average resale price rising 3.4 per cent to about $333,000, CMHC said.

Home-ownership costs will likely rise in 2010 as mortgage rates are at rock bottom and prices set to increase, the agency added.

In rentals, apartment vacancy rates across Greater Edmonton will continue to trend up this year. “But landlords should see a turnaround in 2010, provided economic conditions improve,” the report said.

The vacancy rate for October was an estimated four per cent, compared to 2.4 per cent a year earlier. It was the highest fall vacancy rate since 2005.

Factors in dampening demand for rental apartments were rising unemployment, more demand for home ownership and a steady influx of condominium units.

The agency sees the rental vacancy rate falling to 3.5 per cent amid fewer new apartments and strengthening demand.

CMHC expects its fall survey to show rents largely unchanged from October 2008. “With vacancy rates starting to subside in 2010, property owners will be looking to raise rents to offset rising operating costs, in particular utilities and property taxes,” the report said.

A typical two-bedroom apartment will rent for nearly $1,070 by October 2010, up about $35 a month on average compared with October 2009.

By Bill Mah, edmontonjournal.com

Record-low borrowing costs combined with the growing realization that the economic storm is passing have fuelled the remarkable recovery of the real estate market in Canada. However, it is important to understand some of the issues that have surfaced with these exceptionally low interest rates.

If you are obtaining a mortgage, you are fortunate to be obtaining some truly historically low interest rates. The decision between taking a variable rate mortgage versus a fixed rate mortgage should be evaluated with your mortgage consultant and/or your realtor to assess the pros and cons of each option. Although rates are exceptionally low, lenders are definitely exercising more caution with their lending policies.

If you are thinking of refinancing your current mortgage, you need to consider the cost of breaking your existing mortgage compared to how much you will save in interest payments.

If you break an existing mortgage you will have to pay the greater of three month’s interest or the interest rate differential (IRD). An IRD is a penalty for early prepayment of all or part of a mortgage outside of its normal prepayment terms. Usually this is calculated as the difference between the existing rate and the rate for the term remaining, multiplied by the principal outstanding and the balance of the term.

If for example a borrower is currently paying 6.0% interest on their home mortgage and the current rate is 3.5% the difference (6.0% – 3.5%) is 2.5%. This 2.5% will be charged for the months remaining on your mortgage. If you are carrying a $400,000 mortgage at 6.0% your monthly payment is approximately $2,559. If the current rates are 3.5% the payments would be $1,997, the difference being $562.00/month. If you have 48 months remaining on your mortgage, the penalty would be $26,976 ($562 x 48).

These numbers are astonishing and the lenders unfortunately are not easing up on these charges. It may only make sense to refinance your mortgage if the interest rate savings over the remaining life of your mortgage exceed the value of the IRD.

If you are selling your home make sure to know what your mortgage discharge penalty will be for breaking your mortgage prematurely (assuming you are not porting your mortgage).

Of course, if you port (transfer) your mortgage to another property, you will only be penalized on the portion of the mortgage you discharged. For example, if you had a $400,000 mortgage and were carrying a $300,000 mortgage over to your new home, the penalty would only be assessed on the $100,000 mortgage you discharged.

Although the market is changing and will continue to do so, this represents opportunities for buyers and sellers alike. It is extremely important to be informed as a consumer so that you can make good, sound educated choices during these most interesting of times. And please make sure you know in advance what all your closing/transactional costs will be before you enter into any agreement of purchase or sale.

 Canada Realty News

Having kids? Here are 10 money tips to guide you.

It can be expensive to have a kid, especially saving for their education. Here are some tips to help.

After entering the work force and getting married, the next stage to start in life for many people is parenthood. Get the wallets out for this one. Parents have to dole out cash to insure yourselves against mortality risk, to start a college fund for the children, and to buy a family home.

These imperatives call for smart investment decisions – choosing where to allocate your funds to maximize returns for a given level of risk.

Here are 10 tips to help out with the decisions. They might not turn a parent into a Warren Buffett but could nonetheless leave their kids saying: “Thanks, Mom and Dad!”

1. To insure or self-insure?

“One of the first things I did when I found out my wife Edna was pregnant with my eldest daughter was to rush out and get some life insurance,” notes York University professor Moshe Milevsky. As he discusses in his book, Wealth Logic: Wisdom for Improving your Personal Finances , his own father had died early without life insurance while several of his children were still dependent on his income.

Mr. Milevsky and his siblings were nevertheless spared destitution because their father had accumulated a sizable estate through frugal living and investing in a diversified portfolio of financial assets. “In the insurance lingo, my father had decided to self-insure,” Mr. Milevsky reports.

Self insuring can be riskier than buying life insurance right off the bat. If the father had died earlier, his estate might not have been sufficient. However, someone who had aggressively saved prior to marriage (see Part 2 of the Investing for Life series: Getting married? Ten money tips ) would have minimized this early-stage risk (with a will in place). An aggressive saving and diversified investing plan early in a marriage might be another option for couples with frugal tendencies and an aversion to insurance premiums.

2. Best place for an education fund

One of the best places for a child’s education fund is inside a registered education savings plan (RESP). The government throws in grants of up to $7,200 through the Canada Education Savings Grant (CESG) plus additional grants for low-income families. Funds compound tax free and are taxed at the child’s lower marginal rate when they are withdrawn for post-secondary education.

It helps to become familiar with how the plans work. For example, some have higher administration fees than others. And not all providers transfer the low-income grants into the plan – so if your family is of modest means, “first ask the provider if they offer the extra grants before you sign up,” warns Mike of the Four Pillars blog.

In short, it is a good idea to know the nooks and crannies of RESPs. Sources include the RESP section on the Four Pillars blog, online discussion forums, CanLearn, and Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. And get an early start on opening an RESP to give time for the compounding of returns to work.

3. What will the kids think?

Some parents believe in a conservative approach when investing for their children’s sojourn in the halls of higher learning. Lower returns are acceptable to them as a trade-off for minimizing the risk of losses – something their kids might not look kindly upon.

“I look at it like I am the trustee of the funds and have a responsibility to be prudent with the investment choices,” explains Jim Yih, a fee-only financial adviser with financial firm Retirement Think Box in Edmonton. He has put half of the RESP funds for his four young kids into a balanced mutual fund and the other half into fixed-income instruments.

In the end, whether a parent goes with a high or low allocation to volatile investments such as equities is a matter for risk tolerances. Those who go with higher allocations will likely wind up ahead of the game given the superior long-run returns of stocks – see Jeremy Siegel’s Stocks for the Long Run – but the price of admission is a greater risk of ending up with sub-par returns.

4. Become a couch potato

A popular choice within the Canadian personal-finance blogosphere for investing RESP funds appears to be the Couch Potato Portfolio. It spreads money over a diversified basket of low-cost index funds. According to MoneySense magazine, the “classic” version has generated average annual returns greater than 10 per cent over the past three decades.

One of the more popular instruments for implementing the Couch Potato portfolio in an RESP is the TD e-Series Funds, a family of index mutual funds only available online – but at the lowest of annual fees for mutual funds. The Pre-Authorized Purchase Plan (PAPP) allows investors to automatically invest small amounts at regular intervals, without commissions.

The Couch Potato Portfolio from the author of the Million Dollar Journey blog is diversified across Canadian equity (30 per cent), U.S. equity (30 per cent), international equity (30 per cent), and Canadian bonds (10 per cent). It’s rebalanced annually. At the 10-year mark, the asset mix will begin a transition to a more conservative stance, which by the 18th year it will consist of guaranteed investment certificates (75 per cent) and money-market funds (25 per cent).

5. Automate asset shifts

Shifts in the asset mix of an educational fund from the aggressive to conservative, as described in the above tip, seek to maximize returns while controlling for the volatility of equities as your children’s university or college enrolment dates approach. Target-date funds automate this shift in asset mix. An example is the RBC Target 2025 Education Fund.

They offer the convenience of one-stop shopping to investors who don’t have the time or inclination to do their own research. In return, there are some trade-offs. One is higher fees. Another is that the fund’s asset mix may not be suitable for a family.

6. Fine tune the asset allocation

Mr. Milevsky urges investors to think of their total wealth as including their human capital (discounted value of salary, wages, and other income earned over one’s working life). “While conceptually this asset is different from your tangible, financial assets, it should be considered and diversified in tandem with your financial capital,” writes Mr. Milevsky in his book, Are You a Stock or a Bond?

Thus, the rule of thumb is to have an allocation to stocks equal to “100 minus your age” can be fine tuned. Couples with secure jobs, like tenured professors, could allot more to equities than what the rule suggests for their age group. Couples with variable commission income, such as stockbrokers, should go with lower equity allocations.

Another consideration is that the age-related rule of thumb is usually applied more to investing for retirement, where the investing horizon is 25 to 40 years. For children’s educational funds, the horizon usually runs from 10 to 15 years, which is less time for the superior returns on stocks to take shape. Lower equity allocations may perhaps be more prudent within this time frame.

7. Put those child benefits to work

Many parents funnel the Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB) and Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB) into RESPs to get the government grants. However, if a family has a good income and savings rate, they could consider maxing out the RESP with their own funds and investing the CCTB/UCCB outside of the RESP.

That’s because income earned from investing the CCTB/UCCB in a separate account for a child is not attributed to the parents but to the child. The returns will compound virtually free of tax.

Charlene Walker of Nepean, Ont. directed monthly family allowance cheques after her daughter’s birth into a separate bank account and then into shares of Bell Canada through its Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIPs allow investors to automatically reinvest dividends and buy new shares at no cost). A few years later, Ms. Walker diversified into DRIPs at six companies. By 2008, her daughter’s nest egg was worth nearly $85,000.

8. Other ways to launch the kids

There are a number of ways to invest in children’s futures beside RESPs, as certified financial planner Alexandra Macqueen discusses in the February, 2009, edition of the Canadian MoneySaver magazine. The benefits of these alternatives include no limit on contributions and flexibility in the use of funds (which can be used to supplement RESPs or finance other ambitions such as starting a business).

One of the more popular seems to be informal in-trust accounts, which are easier to set up than formal trusts. Interest income is attributed to the contributing parent but capital gains are taxed in the child’s hands. Consequently, growth investments would appear to be more appropriate for this channel.

Paying down mortgage and other debt is desirable in itself but it can also be a strategy for helping one’s children get through college. That’s because extinguishing debt frees up cash flow that can be directed as required during the post-secondary years. Other methods include juvenile life insurance (savings component grows tax free and can be withdrawn), tax-free savings accounts (TFSAs) and the indoctrination of your offspring on the importance of saving allowances and working at part-time or summer jobs.

9. Let’s give them a really good start

Some families have more options for assisting their children. “Our kids have RESPs but we haven’t been diligent about maxing them out. We have also purchased income property for our kids’ futures,” says Dana from Ajax, Ont.

She expects the multi-residential properties will be paid off by the time each child is finishing high school. “They can use the income from the property to cover their expenses, or sell the property and use the proceeds to fund their endeavours, or live in one unit and use the cash flow from the others.”

“Not everybody pursues traditional post-secondary education and we want our kids to have an option should they decide to go into business for themselves, work or learn abroad, or pursue graduate programs that their RESPs and other savings wouldn’t have covered.”

10. Buy the house right

Ask people what their best or worse financial moves were and some aspect of buying a house is a frequent response.

“My best move would be never spending too much on a home,” says Tim Stobbs, author of the Canadian Dream: Free at 45 blog.

“We saved in our RRSPs for years and then bought a modest house [which was later sold]. On the next house, we made sure to keep the mortgage to around $150,000. We will likely be mortgage-free by the end of current term, which would mean we only had a mortgage for less than 10 years.”

Margot Bai, author of a personal-finance book, Spend Smarter, Save Bigger , says both her best and worse financial moves were directly related to buying a house.

“When I bought my first home, I locked in my mortgage for five years, a mistake that ultimately cost me about $10,000. By paying a penalty to break my mortgage contract, I was able to recover the penalty and gain another $5,000 over the next two years. Now I stick with open variable mortgages.”

This article is the fourth in a series on personal finance and investing at different stages of your life. As some issues may overlap the different stages of life, they could be covered in a prior or subsequent article.

By Larry MacDonald

Weekly rate minder provided by: Souchita Rattanarasy Dominion Lending Centres Optimum 780-932-2225. Explore Mortgage Scenarios with Helpful Calculators on http://www.souchita.com/

Weekly rate minder provided by: Souchita Rattanarasy Dominion Lending Centres Optimum 780-932-2225. Explore Mortgage Scenarios with Helpful Calculators on http://www.souchita.com/

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